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This paper expounds that the construction of a clinical teacher's teaching ability model is an urgent problem to be solved in medical colleges and universities, and analyzes that the current clinical teaching concepts and methods are constantly improving, and the clinical teaching environment is more informatized and intelligent. This paper summarizes the clinical teachers' teaching ability models at home and abroad, such as the ability and quality iceberg model, teacher growth model, inquiry-based teaching model, Molenaar three-dimensional teaching ability model, etc., and discusses the practice research progress of current clinical teacher teaching ability models such as student-centered guided teaching, bedside teaching, micro-teaching and BOPPPS (bridge-in, objective, pre-assessment, participatory-learning, post-assessment, and summary) method, medical simulation teaching, etc., hoping to provide guidance for further constructing models of teacher's teaching ability suitable for Chinese medical colleges and universities.
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Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI)in clean wound orthopedics surgery.Methods SSI among patients receiving clean wound orthopedic surgery from April 1 to Sep-tember 30 in 2014 were monitored,risk factors for SSI were analyzed.Results A total of 665 patients were moni-tored,14 cases(2.11 %)of SSI occurred.Univariate analysis showed that types of skin,skin preparation modes, and ASA score were risk factors for SSI in clean wound orthopedic surgery (all P <0.05 ).Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that conventional skin preparation,ASA score ≥ grade Ⅱ,and duration of operation ≥90 minutes were independent risk factors for SSI in patients receiving clean wound orthopedic surgery (OR [95%CI ],3.96 [1 .07-14.70],6.45[1 .97-21 .11],and 4.08[1 .35 -12.30]respectively).Conclusion The improved method of skin preparation,grade I ASA score,and shortening duration of operation can reduce the incidence of SSI in clean wound orthopedic surgery,on the basis of improving the autoimmunization of patients,strengthening prevention and control of healthcare-associated infection can reduce the incidence of SSI in clean wound orthopedic surgery.
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Objective To compare the differences of atria and atrial myocyte structure in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and sinus rhythm(SR) .To evaluate the influence of AF on cardiac function .Methods 79 patients without heart failure undergoing car-diopulmonary bypass surgery were divided into the AF group (n=39) and the SR group(n=40) .Echocardiography was performed for analysis of left ventricular end diastolic dimension(LVDd) ,left ventricular end-systolic dimension(LVDs) ,left ventricular poste-rior wall(LVPW) ,interventricular septum(IVS) and left atrial diameter(LAD) .Part of left atrial appendages was taken freshly for HE staining in order to observe atrial tissue structure .Results LVDd ,LVDs ,LVPW and IVS of the AF group were lower than that of the SR group .But LAD of the AF group was higher than the SR group .There was statistical significance in IVS and LAD between the two groups(P0 .05) .Compared with the SR group ,the AF group had thinner myocardial atrophy ,more obvious fibrosis ,smaller nucleus and darker HE staining .Conclusion The incidence of AF was mainly in rheumatic heart disease .The development of AF was mostly accompanied with the enlargement of LAD and the change of atrial tissue structure which showed that AF can reduce cardiac function .
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BACKGROUND:Study on mouse models of hyperinsulinemia confirms that hyperinsulinemia can induce the occurrence of myocardial hypertrophy. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of insulin on proliferation and hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes in neonatal mice in vitro cultured. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The in vitro cytology experiment was performed at the Key Laboratory of Anatomy,Histology and Embryology of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2006 to March 2007. MATERIALS:Twenty Wistar neonatal mice aged 1-3 days were used in this study. Insulin was obtained from Sigma,USA. METHODS:Cardiomyocytes of neonatal mice were in vitro harvested,culture and purified by trypsin digestion and differential attachment technique. Cardiomyocytes were incubated in 10-8,10-7,10-6 mol/L insulin for 48 hours. Blank control group was set up. 10-7 mol/L insulin group was used for cell cycle analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Cell diameter,activity and counting were measured under a microscope. The expression of cyclin E in cardiomyocytes was measured using immunocytochemistry. RESULTS:Cardiomyocyte activity in each group was over 90%. Compared with the blank control group,long diameter and short diameter of cardiomyocytes in the 10-8,10-7,10-6 mol/L insulin groups were significantly increased(t=2.781 5,P 0.05) ,but the number of cardiomyocytes in the 10-6 mol/L insulin group significantly decreased(t=1.976 2,P